Expanded Curriculum Vitae – James Deardorff 

1.  Vital Statistics

     Born: 28 August 1928, Seattle, Washington
     Present Position: Professor Emeritus
     Department of Atmospheric Sciences (College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences)
     Oregon State University
     Corvallis, Oregon 97331
     E-mail address: deardorj@proaxis.com

2.   Education

• (1942-1946)  -  Lincoln High School, Portland, OR

• B.S. (1950)  -  Physics, Stanford University

• B.S. (2nd) (1951) - Meteorology, University of California at Los Angeles

• M.S. (1956)  -  Meteorology, University of Washington

• Ph.D. (1959) - Meteorology, University of Washington

3.   Professional Employment

• 1951-1955: Line Officer; Special Weapons Electrical Officer, U.S. Navy

• 1955-1958: Research and Teaching Assistant, University of Washington

• 1958-1959: Acting Instructor, Meteorology, University of Washington

• 1959-1962: Senior Scientist, Air-Sea Interface, University of Washington

• 1962-1978: Senior Scientist, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado

• 1974-1978: Head, Small Scale Analysis and Prediction Project, National Center for Atmospheric Research

• 1978-1986: Research Professor, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University

• 1986-: Professor Emeritus, Oregon State University

4.   Other Professional Employment

• 1966-1967: One year at University of Washington, teaching

• 1970-1971: Six-month sabbatical at UCLA working on boundary-layer parameterization 

• 1973-1974: Seven month leave of absence at University of Stockholm, Sweden (International Meteorological Institute) to work on parameterization of effects of scattered cumulus clouds on the subcloud layer

• 1980-1983: Editor, Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences

• 1982-1987: Assoc. Editor, Boundary-Layer Meteorology

5.   Professional Affiliations, Honors or Awards

• 1971 - Editorial Award, American Meteorological Society

• 1972 - Publications Award, National Center for Atmospheric Research

• 1973 - Elected a Fellow of the American Meteorological Society

• 1974 - Second Half-Century Award for furthering "our understanding of turbulent processes in the planetary boundary layer through analytical studies and highly original numerical and laboratory experiments," American Meteorological Society

• 1978 - Rossby Research Medal, American Meteorological Society.

• 1986 - Elected a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science

6.   Publications in Reviewed Literature

• 1958: The average slope of the surface wind, J. Meteor., 15, 334-335.1

• 1958: Vertical distribution of wind speed, temperature and humidity above a water surface, J. Marine Res. 17, 141-157 (R.G. Fleagle, J.W. Deardorff, and F.J. Badgley).

• 1961: On the direction and divergence of the small-scale turbulent heat flux, J. Meteor. 18, 540-548.

• 1961: Evaporation reduction by natural surface films, J. Geophys. Res. 66,  3613-3614.

• 1961: Local evaporation from a smooth water surface, J. Geophys. Res. 66, 529-534.

• 1962: Satellite cloud photos and large-scale vertical motion, J. Appl. Meteor.  2, 173-175.

• 1963: On the stability of viscous plane Couette flow, J. Fluid Mech. 15,  623-631.

• 1964: A numerical study of two-dimensional parallel-plate convection, J. Atmos. Sci. 21, 419-438.

• 1965: Gravitational instability between horizontal plates with shear, Phys. Fluids 8, 1027-1030.

• 1965: A numerical study of pseudo three-dimensional parallel-plate convection, J. Fluid Mech. 22, 419-435.

• 1965: The effect of two-dimensionality on the suppression of thermal turbulence, J. Fluid Mech. 23, 337-353 (J.W. Deardorff and G.E. Willis).

• 1965: Measurements on the development of thermal turbulence in air between horizontal plates, Phys. Fluids, 8, 2225-2229 (G.E. Willis and J.W. Deardorff).

• 1966: The countergradient heat flux in the lower atmosphere and in the laboratory, J. Atmos. Sci. 23, 503-506.

• 1967: Investigation of turbulent thermal convection between horizontal plates, J. Fluid Mech. 28, 675-704 (J.W. Deardorff and G.E. Willis).

• 1967: Development of short-period temperature fluctuations in thermal convection, Phys. Fluids, 10, 931-937 (G.E. Willis and J.W. Deardorff).

• 1967: Empirical dependence of the eddy coefficient for heat upon stability above the lowest 50m, J. Appl. Meteor. 6, 631-643.

• 1967: The free-convection temperature profile, Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. 93, 166-175 (J.W. Deardorff and G.E. Willis).

• 1967: Comment on paper by G.E. Harbeck, Jr., 'A note concerning the eddy transfer coefficients of momentum and water vapor under near-adiabatic conditions,'  Water Resources Res. 3, 909-910.

• 1967: Confirmation and renumbering of the discrete heat flux transitions of Malkus, Phys. Fluids, 10, 1861-1866 (G.E. Willis and J.W. Deardorff)

• 1967: Aerodynamic theory of wave growth with constant wave steepness, J. Oceanog. Soc. Japan 23, 12-30.

• 1968: Dependence of air-sea transfer coefficients on bulk stability, J. Geophys. Res. 73, 2549-2557.

• 1968: Examination of numerically calculated heat fluxes for evidence of a supercritical transition, Phys. Fluids, 11, 1254-1256.

• 1968: On the distinction between 'total' heat flux and eddy heat flux, J. Atmos. Sci. 25, 521-522 (J.W. Deardorff and J.A. Businger).

• 1969: Laboratory investigation of non-steady penetrative convection, J. Fluid Mech. 35, 7-31 (J.W. Deardorff, G.E. Willis, and D.K. Lilly).

• 1969: Numerical study of heat transport by internal gravity waves above a growing unstable layer, Phys. Fluids Suppl. II 184-194.

• 1969: Similarity principles for numerical integrations of neutral barotropic planetary boundary layers and channel flows, J. Atmos. Sci. 26, 763-767.

• 1970: A numerical study of three-dimensional turbulent channel flow at large Reynolds numbers, J. Fluid Mech. 41, 453-480.

• 1970: Convective velocity and temperature scales for the unstable planetary boundary layer and for Rayleigh convection, J. Atmos. Sci. 27, 1211-1213.

• 1970: Lagrangian statistics from numerically integrated shear flow, Phys. Fluids 13, 584-595 (J.W. Deardorff and R.L. Peskin).

• 1970: The oscillatory motions of Rayleigh convection, J. Fluid Mech. 44, 661-672 (G.E. Willis and J.W. Deardorff).

• 1970: Discussion of paper by V.H. Regener and L. Aldaz, 'Turbulent transport near  the ground as determined from measurements of the ozone gradient,' J. Geophys  Res. 75, 4184-4186.

• 1970: A three-dimensional numerical investigation of the idealized planetary boundary layer, Geophys. Fluid Dynamics l, 377-410.

• 1970: Preliminary results from numerical integrations of the unstable planetary boundary layer, J. Atmos. Sci. 27, 1211-1213.

• 1970: A forum for post-clarification of discussions at AMS meetings? (Letter to the Editor), Bulletin, Amer. Meteor. Soc. 51, 435.

• 1971: On the magnitude of the subgrid scale eddy coefficient, J. Comp. Phys. 7, 120-133.

• 1971: Comments on 'Observational studies in the atmospheric boundary layer' by R.H. Clarke, Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. 97, 760-761.

• 1972: Parameterization of the planetary boundary layer for use in general circulation models, Mon. Wea. Rev. 100, 93-106.

• 1972: Roll-diameter dependence in Rayleigh convection and its effect upon the heat flux, J. Fluid Mech. 59, 351-357 (G.E. Willis, J.W. Deardorff, and R.C.J. Somerville).

• 1972: Numerical investigation of neutral and unstable planetary boundary layers, J. Atmos. Sci. 29, 91-115.

• 1972: Theoretical expression for the countergradient vertical heat flux, J. Geophys. Res. 77, 5900-5904.

• 1972: Comments on 'A comparison of circulations in transverse and longitudinal planes in an unstable planetary boundary layer' by J.K. Angell, J. Atmos. Sci. 29, 1394-1395.

• 1972: Computer methods for simulation of multidimensional, nonlinear subsonic, incompressible flow, J. Heat Transfer 94, 337-346 (D.G. Fox and J.W.  Deardorff).

• 1973: Note on a paper by D.R. Caldwell, C.W. Van Atta and K.N. Helland (concerning a laboratory study of the Ekman layer), Geophys. Fluid Dynamics 4, 293-295.

• 1973: The use of subgrid transport equations in a three-dimensional model of atmospheric turbulence, J. Fluid Eng. 95, 429-438.

• 1973: An explanation of anomalously large Reynolds stresses within the convective planetary boundary layer, J. Atmos. Sci. 30, 1070-1076.

• 1974: Differences between eddy coefficients for instantaneous and continuous vertical diffusion into the neutral surface layer, Boundary-Layer Meteor. 5, 451-457.

• 1974: Computer and laboratory modeling of the vertical diffusion of non-buoyant particles in a mixed layer, Advances in Geophysics 18B, 187-200 (J.W. Deardorff and G.E. Willis).

• 1974: Comment on a paper by A.K. Betts, 'Non-precipitating cumulus convection and its parameterization,'Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. l00, 122-123 (J.W. Deardorff, G.E. Willis, and D.K. Lilly).

• 1974: Stability functions for the boundary layer resistance laws based upon observed boundary layer height, J. Atmos. Sci. 31, 1324-1325 (J.W. Melgarejo and J.W. Deardorff).

• 1974: Three-dimensional numerical study of the height and mean structure of a heated planetary boundary layer, Boundary-Layer Meteor. 7, 81-106.

• 1974: Three-dimensional study of turbulence in an entraining mixed layer, Boundary-Layer Meteor. 7, 199-226.

• 1974: Similarity theory for the planetary boundary layer of time-dependent height, J. Atmos. Sci. 31, 1449-1452 (S.S. Zilitinkevich and J.W. Deardorff).

• 1974: A laboratory model of the unstable planetary boundary layer, J. Atmos. Sci. 31, 1297-1307 (G.E. Willis and J.W. Deardorff).

• 1974: Reply (to Pasquill and Smith), Boundary-Layer Meteor. 7, 229-230.

• 1975: Comments on 'On the interaction between the subcloud and cloud layers in tropical regions' by Y. Ogura and H.-R. Cho, J. Atmos. Sci. 32, 2363-2364.

• 1975: A parameterization of diffusion into the mixed layer, J. Appl. Meteor. 14, 1451-1458 (J.W. Deardorff and G.E. Willis).

• 1975: Reply (to Arya and Wyngaard (1974)), J. Atmos. Sci. 32, 840 (S.S. Zilitinkevich and J. W. Deardorff).

• 1975: Revision to 'Stability functions for the boundary-layer resistance laws', J. Atmos. Sci. 32, 837-839 (J.W. Melgarejo and J.W. Deardorff).

• 1976: Usefulness of liquid-water potential temperature in a shallow-cloud model, J. Appl. Meteor. 1, 98-102.

• 1976: On the entrainment rate of a stratocumulus-topped mixed layer, Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. 102, 563-582.

• 1976: Discussion of 'Thermals over the sea and gull flight behavior' by A.H. Woodcock, Boundary-Layer Meteor. 10, 241-246.

• 1976: Island wind shadows observed by satellite and radar, Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. 57, 1241-1242.

• 1976: A laboratory model of diffusion into the convective planetary boundary layer  Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. 102, 427-445 (G.E. Willis and J.W. Deardorff).

• 1976: On the use of Taylor's translation hypothesis for diffusion in the mixed layer, Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. 102, 817-822 (G.E. Willis and J.W. Deardorff).

• 1977: Subgrid-scale condensation in models of nonprecipitating clouds, J. Atmos. Sci. 34, 345-355 (G. Sommeria and J.W. Deardorff).

• 1977: A parameterization of ground-surface moisture content for use in atmospheric prediction models, J. Appl. Meteor. 16, 1182-1185.

• 1977: Comments on 'The effect of variable surface albedo on the atmospheric circulation in desert regions.' J. Appl. Meteor. 17, 560 (Sherwood B. Idso and J.W. Deardorff).

• 1978: Efficient prediction of ground surface temperature and moisture with inclusion of a layer of vegetation, J. Geophys. Res. 83, 1889-1903.

• 1978: A laboratory study of dispersion from an elevated source within a modeled convective planetary boundary layer, Atmos. Environ. 12, 1305-1311 (G.E.  Willis and J.W. Deardorff).

• 1978: Reply to Panofsky, Atmos. Envir. 12, 2036 (J.W. Deardorff and G.E.  Willis).

• 1978: Closure of second- and third-moment rate equations for diffusion in homogeneous turbulence, Phys. of Fluids, 21, 525-530.

• 1978: Summary of recommendations made by the AMS Workshop on Stability Classification Schemes and Sigma Curves, Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. 59, 1025-1033 (J.R. Hanna, G.A. Briggs, J.W. Deardorff, B.A. Egan, F.A. Gifford       and F. Pasquill).

• 1979: Prediction of mixed layer entrainment for realistic capping inversion structure, J. Atmos. Sci. 36, 424-436.

• 1979: Laboratory observations of turbulent penetrative-convection planforms, J. Geophys. Res. 84, 295-302, (G.E. Willis and J.W. Deardorff).

• 1980: Cloudtop entrainment instability, J. Atmos. Sci. 37, 131-147.

• 1980: Comments on 'Marine stratocumulus convection. Part 1: Governing equations and horizontally homogeneous solutions,' J. Atmos. Sci. 37, 481-482 (J.W. Deardorff and J. Businger).

• 1980: The boundary-layer growth equations with Reynolds averaging, J. Atmos. Sci. 37, 1405-1409 (J.W. Deardorff and E.W. Peterson).

• 1980: Stratocumulus-capped mixed layers derived from a three-dimensional model, Bound.-Layer Meteor. 18, 495-527.

• 1980: Laboratory studies of the entrainment zone of a convectively mixed layer, J. Fluid Mech. 100, 41-64 (J.W. Deardorff, G.E. Willis, and B.H. Stockton).

• 1980: Comments on 'A numerical investigation of mixed-layer dynamics.' J. Phys. Oceanogr. 10, 1695-1696.

• 1981: A laboratory model of dispersion from a source in the middle of the convectively mixed layer, Atmos. Environ. 15, 109-117 (G.E. Willis and J.W. Deardorff).

• 1981: On the distribution of mean radiative cooling at the top of a stratocumulus-capped mixed layer, Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. 107, 191-202.

• 1981: Further considerations on the Reynolds average of the kinematic boundary condition. J. Atmos. Sci. 38, 659-661.

• 1982: Dependence of mixed-layer entrainment on shear stress and velocity jump, J. Fluid Mech. 115, 123-149 (J.W. Deardorff and G.E. Willis).

• 1982: Ground-level concentrations due to fumigation into an entraining mixed layer. Atmos. Environ. 16, 1159-1170 (J.W. Deardorff and G.E. Willis).

• 1982: Investigation of the frozen-turbulence hypothesis for temperature spectra in a convectively mixed layer. Phy. Fluids 25, 21-28 (J.W. Deardorff and G.E. Willis).

• 1982: Numerical study of terrain-induced mesoscale motions in a mixed layer. J. Atmos. Sci. 39, 2464-2476 (Y.-J. Han, K. Ueyoshi and J.W. Deardorff).

• 1982: A numerical simulation of an atmospheric vortex street. Tellus 34, 555-556 (P.H. Ruscher and J.W. Deardorff).

• 1982: On the dichotomy in theoretical treatments of the atmospheric boundary layer J. Atmos. Sci. 39, 2096-2098 (J.W. Deardorff and L. Mahrt).

• 1982: Further considerations on modeling the sea breeze with a mixed-layer model. Mon. Wea. Rev. 110, 757-765. (R.A. Anthes, D. Keyser and J.W. Deardorff).

• 1983: Comment on 'A potential flow model of turbulence caused by breaking surface waves'. J. Geophys. Res. 88, 2710.

• 1983: Authors' reply to comments on ground-level concentrations due to fumigation Atmos. Environ. 17, 1030-1032 (J.W. Deardorff and G.E. Willis).

• 1983: A multi-limit mixed-layer entrainment formulation. J. Phys. Oceanog. 13, 988-1002.

• 1983: Comments on 'The daytime planetary boundary layer; a new interpretation of Wangara'. Quart. J. Roy. Met. Soc. 109, 677-681.

• 1983: On plume rise within a convective boundary layer, Atmos. Environ. 17,  2435-2447 (G.E. Willis and J.W. Deardorff).

• 1983: Comments on 'A diagnostic model for estimating winds at potential sites for wind turbines'. J. Climate and Appl. Meteor. 22, 1312 (J.W. Deardorff and Y.-J. Han).

• 1984: On the use of an annulus to study mixed-layer entrainment. J. Fluid Mech. 142, 97-120 (J.W. Deardorff and S.-C. Yoon).

• 1984: Groundlevel concentration fluctuations from a buoyant and a non-buoyant source within a laboratory convectively mixed layer. Atmos. Environ. 18, 1297-1309 (J.W. Deardorff and G.E. Willis).

• 1984: Numerical study of terrain-induced mesoscale motions and hydrostatic form drag in a heated, growing mixed layer. J. Atmos. Sci. 41, 1420-1441 (J.W. Deardorff, K. Ueyoshi, and Y.-J. Han).

• 1985: Further results from a laboratory model of the convective planetary boundary layer. Boundary-Layer Meteor. 32, 205-236.

• 1985: Sub-grid-scale turbulence modeling. In Adv. in Geophys. 28B, 337-343.

• 1985: Comments on 'Transilient turbulence theory, Part I'. J. Atmos. Sci. 42, 2069.

• 1985: Laboratory experiments on diffusion: The use of convective mixed-layer  scaling, J. Climate and Appl. Meteor. 24, 1143-1151.

• 1985: Authors' reply to 'Ground-level concentration fluctuations from a buoyant and a non-buoyant source...'. Atmos. Envir. 18, 1212-1213.

• 1985: Book Review of Large-Eddy Simulation: Guidelines for its Applications to Planetary Boundary Layer Research, J.C. Wyngaard, ed., Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. 66 (Dec).

• 1986: Comments on 'Radiative cooling near the top of a cloudy mixed layer,'  Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. 112, 273-275.

• 1987: Buoyant plume dispersion and inversion entrapment in and above a laboratory mixed layer. Atmos. Envir. 21, 1725-1735 (G.E. Willis and J.W. Deardorff).

• 1987: Turbulence within a baroclinic laboratory mixed layer above a sloping surface, J. Atmos. Sci. 44, 772-778 (with G.E. Willis).

7.   Other Publications and Reports

• 1973: Three-dimensional numerical modeling of the planetary boundary layer, in Workshop on Micrometeorology (Duane A. Haugen, editor), American Meteorol.   Society, Boston, 14-18 August, Science Press, 277-311.

• 1974: Rate of growth of the nocturnal boundary layer, in Proc. of Symposium on Air Pollution, Turbulence and Diffusion, December 1971, Las Cruces, New Mexico (H.W. Church and R.E. Luna, editors), 183-190.

• 1974: Computer and laboratory modeling of the vertical diffusion of non-buoyant particles in a mixed layer, in Turbulent Diffusion in Environment Pollution (R.N. Frenkiel and R.E. Munn, editors), Academic Press, New York/London (J.W. Deardorff and G.E. Willis).

• 1974: Physical modeling of diffusion in the mixed layer, in Proc. of Symposium on Atmospheric Diffusion and Air Pollution, American Meteorological Society, Santa Barbara, California, 9-13 September (J.W. Deardorff and G.E. Willis).

• 1974: Means by which the planetary boundary layer affects the free troposphere, in Subsynoptic Extratropical Weather Systems: Observations, Analysis, Modeling and Prediction, Vol. II, Proc. ASP/SSAPP Summer Colloquium, NCAR, Boulder, Colorado, 670-682.

• 1975: The development of boundary-layer turbulence models for use in studying the severe storm environment, in Open Sesame, Proc. of Mtg. at Boulder, 4-6 September (D.K. Lilly, editor) NOAA/ERL, Boulder, Colorado, 251-264.

• 1975: Laboratory simulation of the convective planetary boundary layer, in Atmospheric Technology 7, National Center for Atmos. Research, 30-86 (G.E. Willis and J.W. Deardorff).

• 1975: Boundary layer data from a numerical integration in three dimensions; manuscript available from authors (J.W. Deardorff and Margaret Drake).\

• 1976: Clear and cloud-capped mixed layers: their structure and growth, numerical simulation, and parameterization. In Proc. of the European Center for Medium Range Weather Forecasts Seminar Series: Treatment of the Boundary Layer in Numerical Weather Prediction, 6-10 September, Bracknell, England.

• 1976: Neglect of downstream diffusion--how good an assumption for the daytime mixed layer? Preprints, American Meteorological Society Third Symposium on Atmospheric Turbulence, Diffusion and Air Quality, Raleigh, North Carolina, 19-22 October, 255-258 (J.W. Deardorff and G.E. Willis).

• 1976: Visual observations of horizontal planforms of penetrative convection paper for Third Symposium on Atmospheric Tubulence, Diffusion and Air Quality, Raleigh, North Carolina, 19-22 October, 9-12 (G.E. Willis and J.W. Deardorff).

• 1978: Different approaches toward predicting pollutant dispersion in the boundary layer, and their advantages and disadvantages, in Symp. on Boundary Layer Physics Applied to Specific Problems of Air Pollution. Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute (S.M.H.I), Norrköping, Sweden, 19-23 June.

• 1980: Progress in understanding entrainment at the top of a mixed layer, in Workshop on the Planetary Boundary Layer, Boulder, Colorado, 14-18 August, 1978, American Meteorological Society, Boston, Massachusetts (J.C. Wyngaard, editor), 36-66.

• 1981: How time dependence and variable Froude number can explain more rapid entrainment of the two-layer system in annulus experiments, in Third Symp. on Turbulent Shear Flows, University of California, Davis, September 9-11,  12.1-12.4.

• 1981: Modeling fumigation in a laboratory mixed layer, in Fifth Symp. on Turbulence, Diffusion and Air Pollution, Atlanta, Georgia, March 9-13, American Meteorological Society, 157-158.

• \1982: Simulation of terrain effects using a mesoscale mixed-layer model, in Proc. 10th IMACS World Congress on Systems Simulation and Scientific Computation, Montreal, Canada, August 8-13, 195-196.

• 1983: Concentration fluctuations within buoyant and non-buoyant laboratory plumes, in Sixth Symp. on Turbulence and Diffusion, Amer. Meteor. Soc., Boston, March 22-25, 237-240.

• 1983: Dependence of laboratory mixed-layer entrainment rates upon interfacial turbulence and stability, in Sixth Symp. on Turbulence and Diffusion,  Amer. Meteor. Soc., Boston, March 22-25, 321-324.

• 1984: Upstream diffusion in the convective boundary layer with weak or zero mean wind, in Fourth Joint Conf. on Applications of Air Pollution Meteorology  Amer. Meteor. Soc., Boston, October 16-19, 4-7.

• 1985: Review of "Large-Eddy Simulation: Guidelines for its application to planetary boundary layer research," J.C. Wyngaard, ed., Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. 66, 1552.

• 1987: Retirement notice. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. 68 (Oct.), 1295.

• 1988: Concentration fluctuations within a laboratory convectively mixed layer, in Lectures in Air Pollution Modeling, 357-384 (Chap. 8), A. Venkatram and J.C. Wyngaard, eds.; Boston, Amer. Meteor. Soc. (with G.E. Willis).

• 1986: Possible extraterrestrial strategy for Earth. Quart. J. Roy. Astron. Soc. 27, 94-101.

• 1987: Examination of the embargo hypothesis as an explanation for the Great Silence. J. British Interplanetary Soc. 40, 373-379.

• 1987: Extraterrestrial Communications. J. Communication 37, 181-184.

• 1990: Celestial Teachings: Emergence of the True Testament of Jmmanuel (Jesus). Mill Spring, NC: Wild Flower Press. 1-800-366-0264.

• 1992: The Problems of New Testament Gospel Origins. Lewiston, NY: Mellen Press (Mellen University Research Press).

• 1994: Jesus in India: A Reexamination of Jesus' Asian Traditions in the Light of Evidence Supporting Reincarnation. Bethesda, MD: International Scholars Publications. Now Inter-scholars Publishing Group, 4720 Boston Way, Lanham, MD 20706; 1-800-462-6420 or (301) 459-3366.

• 2001: Opinions and comments on W.C. Levengood and N.P. Talbott (1999) 'Dispersion of energies in worldwide crop formations,' Physiologia Plantarum 111, 125.